What is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)?
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a condition where abnormal bone growth in the hip joint causes friction between the hip bones during movement. This friction can damage the cartilage and labrum, leading to pain, limited range of motion, and hip joint degeneration over time. FAI is commonly seen in athletes and active individuals who repeatedly stress their hips.
What causes Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)?
FAI occurs when the hip bones develop abnormal shapes, either in the ball (femoral head) or the socket (acetabulum) of the joint, or both. These deformities can lead to increased friction during hip movements. Activities that involve repetitive hip flexion, such as running, cycling, or squatting, can exacerbate this condition. Some people may be born with the bone abnormalities that cause FAI, while others develop them over time due to overuse.
What are the symptoms of Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)?
The primary symptoms of FAI include hip pain, stiffness, and a limited range of motion. The pain is often felt deep in the groin or the outside of the hip and worsens with prolonged sitting, walking, or physical activity. You may also experience a clicking or locking sensation in the hip joint. Left untreated, FAI can lead to cartilage damage and early-onset hip osteoarthritis.
What is the best treatment for Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)?
Following a diagnosis of Femoroacetabular Impingement, it is essential to connect with a physical therapist to develop a personalized course of treatment.
Mild cases of Femoroacetabular Impingement can sometimes be managed with a structured physical therapy program designed to strengthen the muscles around the hip and improve mobility, reducing strain on the joint.
Severe cases of Femoroacetabular Impingement, particularly those causing significant cartilage or labral damage, often require surgery. In these cases, pre-surgery "prehab" with a physical therapist can have a big impact on surgical outcomes, and post-surgery rehabilitation is crucial for regaining strength, mobility, and function.
If you can’t come in for an evaluation or want to get started immediately, we've created an injury recovery guide designed for athletes and active adults to help you make informed decisions about your care.
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